What is HSG (Hysterosalpingography)?
Hysterosalpingography, also known as uterine film or medicated uterine film, is a diagnostic method used to examine the uterine and fallopian tubes by radiographic methods.
HSG is a technique commonly used in infertility cases as it allows the evaluation of the inner structure of the uterus and tubes and the patency of the tubes.
How is HSG done?
The uterus is filled with a liquid contrast material so that the uterus, cervix, and tubes are visible with X-rays. The contrast material goes from uterus to the tubes and then to the abdominal cavity from the end of the tubes. The flow and distribution of the contrast material in the uterus and tubes are observed under fluoroscopy.
Since the contrast agent is given under pressure from the cervix, in some cases it can also have a therapeutic effect by clearing mucus-like barrier structures in the tubes. Generally, there is an increase in pregnancy rates in the first 6 months after uterine film is performed.
In which situations is HSG (medicated uterine film) performed?
The most common reason for performing HSG is infertility.
- Adhesion in the tubes, obstruction, swelling, liquid filling, etc.
- Uterine polyps, fibroids, anomalies, tumors, etc.
may be the reason for not being able to have a baby. Your doctor may request an HSG examination to diagnose these cases and choose the appropriate treatment for you.
What is the ideal time for performing HSG?
HSG should be performed within the first 3 days after the end of menstruation (menstruation).
Because;
- In this period, the intrauterine tissue is thin, and the probability of pregnancy is low. Thus, possible harm to a newly formed pregnancy is prevented.
- In the following days after menstruation, the uterus will thicken, hiding possible masses in the uterus and reducing the scan’s clarity.
- The cervical canal (cervix canal) is open during and immediately after the menstrual period. Over time, the cervical canal narrows, making it difficult to place the catheter in this area and enter the contrast material from the inserted catheter.
Note: Women under menopause can perform HSG anytime they feel ready. Any time frame does not apply to them.
Frequently asked questions about HSG
- Can HSG be performed during menstruation?
The answer is No. Because, during this period, when contrast material is given, the particles that need to be expelled from the uterus together with the contrast material can be transported to the intra-abdominal cavity, and this may create a serious infection risk.
- What to do before HSG?
It is not necessary to use a drug for preparation before HSG. However, since this procedure is performed using sedation (anaesthesia) at our hospital, it is necessary not to drink and eat after 24.00 the night before the procedure to be prepared. (6-8 hours before HSG)
Note: Anaesthesia time takes approximately 15-20 minutes.
What should be considered after HSG?
- It is not recommended to do heavy work on the same day after HSG.
- The usage of a vaginal tampon is not recommended on the day HSG is performed. Pad can be used instead of a vaginal tampon.
- Any environment where infection may occur (pool, sea and sauna) should be avoided.
- If you have complaints such as severe abdominal pain, fever, excessive bleeding, it is recommended to consult your gynaecologist.